Welcome to /tech/ THE RULES: 1. Please spoiler all porn and gore 2. Talk about something actually related to /tech/nology 3. Have fun! Required reading http://cryptome.org/2012/07/gent-forum-spies.htm Beginner Info If you would like to try out GNU/Linux because of https://itvision.altervista.org/why-windows-10-sucks.html, you can do one of the following: 0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine (preferably using KVM or Oracle VirtualBox for newfriends). 1) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything (keep in mind that the performance of live distros might be very different than from distro that was booted from your HDD, as most distros are loaded in RAM and don't include the proprietary drivers for NVIDIA GPUs or up-to-date Mesa libraries in their isos). 2) Dual boot the GNU/Linux distribution of your choice along with Windows (make sure to install Windows first, as it can "replace" GRUB or other UNIX bootloaders, and troubleshooting of Windows replacing your bootloader of choice might be painful for people that just started learning about the Linux kernel) 3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux (you really shouldn't do this, if you don't know what you're putting yourself into, see: https://itvision.altervista.org/why.linux.is.not.ready.for.the.desktop.current.html). Resources: Use your web browser and search engine of choice. Good comparison between them is hosted here: https://digdeeper.neocities.org/ghost/browsers.html https://digdeeper.neocities.org/ghost/search.html If not sure which browser to choose, just use the Tor Browser Bundle: https://www.torproject.org/ or paste these commands to your terminal emulator of choice (please make sure to first learn what they're exactly doing): $ sudo apt install torbrowser-launcher (Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint or just simply apt-based distros) $ sudo pacman -S base-devel git go && git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/yay.git && cd yay && makepkg -si $ cd .. && rm -rf yay && yay -S tor-browser (pacman-based distros) $ xbps-install -S torbrowser-launcher (Void Linux) If you "bricked" yourself and can't launch Xorg/Wayland, then try installing an terminal-only browser like Lynx and using it troubleshoot your mistake. Type these commands to your terminal emulator to learn more about various commands: $ man command $ info command $ command -h/--help $ help builtin/keyword Don't know what to look for? $ apropos something Check the wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros): https://wiki.archlinux.org https://wiki.gentoo.org 8chan /tech/'s wiki on GNU/Linux: https://wiki.cloveros.ga/Main_Page 4chan /g/'s wiki on GNU/Linux: https://wiki.installgentoo.com/index.php/Category:GNU/Linux Watch videos on JewTube: https://github.com/omarroth/invidious/wiki/Invidious-Instances >What distro should I choose? 1. Ubuntu, or it's flavors like Xubuntu, Kubuntu or even forks like Linux Mint (only LTS or LMDE) and KDE Neon (only LTS) - Focal Fossa 20.04 is the beta of the next LTS (long term support) release of Ubuntu and is scheduled for official release on April 23 2020 - Eoan Ermine 19.10 is the semi-rolling release of Ubuntu (still containing mostly stable and out-of-date packages) - Bionic Beaver 18.04 is the current LTS release of Ubuntu and thus is the most supported by corporations like Canonical (corporation behind Ubuntu) and it's partners, Valve, GOG.com and hardware manufactures in general. It just works™ 2. Debian GNU/Linux - Stable (“buster”) It's the stable/LTS and the "true" release of Debian. Contains a lot of outdated, but stable packages and is the easiest to install release of Debian. - Testing (“bullseye”) Is the testing release of Debian, which still contains a few outdated packages to be more stable. It's packages later go to the stable channel. - Unstable (“sid”) Is the rolling release of Debian and with the help of Debian Experimental, can be nearly as rolling as Arch or even Gentoo. It's packages after enough testing (usually a week) later go to the testing channel. >How do I install Debian's experimental packages? https://wiki.debian.org/DebianExperimental If you want something that has insane support and one of the largest communities out there, or just simply something that gives users more choices than Ubuntu, then this is the distro for you. 3. Arch Linux Is a rolling distro with a semi-minimalistic approach to GNU/Linux, meaning you install it only from the console itself with pre-compiled binary packages (packages that are ready to install). Can be easily broken, if the end-user doesn't know how to avoid troubleshooting it. It's primary audience are users that want bigger control of their system. and people who want to stay on the most-up-to-date versions of their favorite programs. Good for learning how GNU/Linux works. 4. Manjaro Linux/EndeavourOS Are forks of Arch Linux with the Calameres installer. Manjaro has it's own repositories, with package release channel similar to Debian's, while EndeavourOS tries to stay as close to Arch as it is possible. Decent, if you're one of those people which never read manuals. 5. Gentoo GNU/Linux Is a distro that is very similar to Arch, but is much more stable and up-to-date thanks to you getting in control of configuring and compiling everything from the source code. Is also much harder/longer to setup than Arch's installation process, but compiling everything from it's source can result in overall better performance of programs that you use daily. Nothing can beat it when it comes to avoiding systemd. Perfect for learning how your UNIX systems actually work. 6. Linux From Scratch (LFS), Guix or NixOS if somehow Gentoo didn't made you comfy with it, then with these distros you possibly can't get comfier except if you make the switch to BSD-based systems. Even more info here: https://wiki.cloveros.ga/Babbies_first_Linux https://distrowatch.com/ https://wiki.installgentoo.com/index.php/Babbies_First_Linux If you don't care about having a modern desktop and want to avoid systemd, make sure to give the distros listed by this website a try: https://nosystemd.org/ If you prefer 100% libre, free as in speech distros: https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-distros.en.html >What are some cool programs? https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page https://suckless.org/rocks/ https://github.com/fossasia/mew >What are some cool terminal commands? https://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/browse (doesn't work without JavaScript enabled) https://cheat.sh/ >Where can I learn the command line? https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide https://www.grymoire.com/Unix https://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit >Where can I learn more about Free Software? https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html >How can I run Windows software? Install the drivers for your GPU: https://github.com/lutris/lutris/wiki/Installing-drivers Then install Wine (Wine Is Not an Emulator) and preferably the 'Staging' branch of it: https://wiki.winehq.org/Download Lastly read this: https://www.winehq.org/documentation Also, make sure to learn about winetricks, DXVK and Windows .dll files in general.